Mercury/Merkurius is the smallest planet in the solar system and also closest to the Sun with a revolution of 88 days and 59 days of rotation. The brightness of the planet ranges from -2 to 5.5 in apparent magnitude but is not easily visible because of its viewing angle with the small Sun (with the most distant range of 28.3 degrees) Mercury can only be seen at dawn or maghrib. is known about Mercury because only one spacecraft ever approached Mariner 10 in 1974 to 1975. Mariner 10 only managed to map about 40 to 45 percent of the planet's surface.
Similar to the Moon, Mercury has many craters and also does not have natural satellites as well as atmosphere. Mercury has an iron core that creates a magnetic field with a strength of 0.1% of the Earth's magnetic field strength. The surface temperature of Mercury ranges from 90 to 700 Kelvin (-180 to 430 degrees Celsius).
The earliest recorded observations of Mercury date from the Sumerians in the third millennium BC. The Romans named the planet by the name of one of their gods, Mercury (also known as Hermes in Greek mythology and Nabu in Babylonian mythology). The astronomical symbol for mercury is an abstraction from Mercury's head of the god with a winged hat on caduceus. The Greeks of Hesiod named the Mercury of Stilbon and Hermaon because before the fifth century BC they thought that Mercury were two different celestial bodies, one only visible at sunrise and the other only visible at sunset. In India, Mercury is named Buddha (बुध), the son of the moon Candra. In Chinese culture, Korea, Japan and Vietnam, Mercury is called the "water star". The Hebrews call it Kokhav Hamah (כוכב חמה), "the star of the hot one" ("the hot one" means the Sun). Mercury's diameter is 40% smaller than Earth (4879.4 km), and 40% larger than the Moon. Its size is also smaller (though more dense) than the satellites of Jupiter, Ganymede and Saturn's satellites, Titan.
Similar to the Moon, Mercury has many craters and also does not have natural satellites as well as atmosphere. Mercury has an iron core that creates a magnetic field with a strength of 0.1% of the Earth's magnetic field strength. The surface temperature of Mercury ranges from 90 to 700 Kelvin (-180 to 430 degrees Celsius).
The earliest recorded observations of Mercury date from the Sumerians in the third millennium BC. The Romans named the planet by the name of one of their gods, Mercury (also known as Hermes in Greek mythology and Nabu in Babylonian mythology). The astronomical symbol for mercury is an abstraction from Mercury's head of the god with a winged hat on caduceus. The Greeks of Hesiod named the Mercury of Stilbon and Hermaon because before the fifth century BC they thought that Mercury were two different celestial bodies, one only visible at sunrise and the other only visible at sunset. In India, Mercury is named Buddha (बुध), the son of the moon Candra. In Chinese culture, Korea, Japan and Vietnam, Mercury is called the "water star". The Hebrews call it Kokhav Hamah (כוכב חמה), "the star of the hot one" ("the hot one" means the Sun). Mercury's diameter is 40% smaller than Earth (4879.4 km), and 40% larger than the Moon. Its size is also smaller (though more dense) than the satellites of Jupiter, Ganymede and Saturn's satellites, Titan.
 |
| An animated photo of the distance between Mercury and the Sun |
With a diameter of 4879 km on the equator, Mercury is the smallest planet of the four Earth planets in the Solar System. The distance of mercury to the sun is 57 million km, and the distance of Mercury with Earth is 92 million km. Mercury comprises 70% metal and 30% silicates and has a density of 5.43 g / cm3 just below the Earth's density. But if the effect of gravity pressure is not calculated then Mercury is denser than Earth with an uncompressed density of Mercury of 5.3 g / cm 3 and Earth is only 4.4 g / cm3.
Mercury density is used to estimate its inner structure. The high density of the Earth is created by the pressure of gravity, especially in the core. Mercury, however, is much smaller and its interior does not exist like the earth, so its high density is suspected because the planet has a large nucleus and is rich in iron. Earth scientists estimate that Mercury's core occupies 42% of its volume (Earth's core occupies only 17% of Earth's volume). According to recent research, most likely the core of Mercury is liquid.
The 600 km coat envelopes Mercury's core and Mercury's crust allegedly as thick as 100 to 200 km. Mercury's surface has many meager hills, some hundreds of kilometers in length. It is suspected that these hills are formed because Mercury's core and mantle cools and shrinks when the crust is petrified.
Mercury contains more iron than any other planet in the solar system and several theories have been proposed to explain it. The most widely accepted theory is that Mercury initially had a metal-to-silicate ratio similar to the common Kondrit meteor and had a mass of about 2.25 times its current mass. But at the beginning of the solar system's history, Mercury was hit by a planetesimal about one-sixth of its mass. The clash has removed most of Mercury's original crust and mantle and left its core. The same process has also been proposed to explain the creation of the Moon.
Another theory suggests that Mercury may have been formed from the Sun's nebula before the Sun's output energy has stabilized. Mercury originally had twice its current mass, but with the sun's protrusion, the temperature around Mercury could reach about 2500 to 3500 Kelvin and probably reach 10,000 Kelvin. Most of Mercury's surface will evaporate at such temperatures, creating an atmosphere of "steam rock" that may be blown by the solar wind.
Mercury density is used to estimate its inner structure. The high density of the Earth is created by the pressure of gravity, especially in the core. Mercury, however, is much smaller and its interior does not exist like the earth, so its high density is suspected because the planet has a large nucleus and is rich in iron. Earth scientists estimate that Mercury's core occupies 42% of its volume (Earth's core occupies only 17% of Earth's volume). According to recent research, most likely the core of Mercury is liquid.
The 600 km coat envelopes Mercury's core and Mercury's crust allegedly as thick as 100 to 200 km. Mercury's surface has many meager hills, some hundreds of kilometers in length. It is suspected that these hills are formed because Mercury's core and mantle cools and shrinks when the crust is petrified.
Mercury contains more iron than any other planet in the solar system and several theories have been proposed to explain it. The most widely accepted theory is that Mercury initially had a metal-to-silicate ratio similar to the common Kondrit meteor and had a mass of about 2.25 times its current mass. But at the beginning of the solar system's history, Mercury was hit by a planetesimal about one-sixth of its mass. The clash has removed most of Mercury's original crust and mantle and left its core. The same process has also been proposed to explain the creation of the Moon.
Another theory suggests that Mercury may have been formed from the Sun's nebula before the Sun's output energy has stabilized. Mercury originally had twice its current mass, but with the sun's protrusion, the temperature around Mercury could reach about 2500 to 3500 Kelvin and probably reach 10,000 Kelvin. Most of Mercury's surface will evaporate at such temperatures, creating an atmosphere of "steam rock" that may be blown by the solar wind.
Aphelioncharacterizing the orbits of Mercury's planet : 69.816.900 km0.466 697 SAPerihelion 46,001,200 km0.307 499 SASemi-major axis 57,909,100 km0.387 098 SAEccentricity 0.205 630 The orbital period is 87,969 1 day(0.240 846 years)Synodic period 115,88 d Average orbital speed of 47.87 km / s. Anomalies averaged 174,796 °Inclination 7,005 ° to ecliptic3.38 ° to the equator of the Sun.6.34 ° to the invariable field. The longitude of the node is 48,331 °The perihelion argument is 29.124 °No Satellite
The physical feature of the planet Mercury is The radius averages 2,439.7 ± 1.0 km. 0.3829 EarthThe precision <0.0006 [6]Surface area 7,48 × 107 km²0.108 Earth. Volume 6,083 × 1010 km³0.054 Earth [5]Masses 3,3022 × 1023 kg0.055 Earth. Average mass of 5.427 g / cm³ Surface gravity at the equator is 3.7 m / s²0.38 g 4.25 km / s off speed. Sideris Day 58,646 day1407.5 hours Rotation speed 10,892 km / hThe axial tilt of 2.11 '± 0.1' Asensio rekta for the North Pole 18 j 44 men 2 d281,01 ° Declination for the North Pole 61.45 ° Albedo 0.119 (bound)0.106 (geometric) Surface temperature 0 ° N, 0 ° W 85 ° N, 0 ° Wmin average max100 K 340 K 700 K80 K 200 K 380 KMagnitude looks up to -1.9 Diameter angle 4.5 "- 13"
No comments:
Post a Comment